Additionally, per the publisher's request, their name has been removed in some passages. However, the publisher has asked for the customary Creative Commons attribution to the original publisher, authors, title, and book URI to be removed. Normally, the author and publisher would be credited here. This content was accessible as of December 29, 2012, and it was downloaded then by Andy Schmitz in an effort to preserve the availability of this book.
Thiol functional group license#
See the license for more details, but that basically means you can share this book as long as you credit the author (but see below), don't make money from it, and do make it available to everyone else under the same terms.
The IUPAC names of sulfides are obtained by first determining the parent chain and prefixing the name of the smaller alkyl group as an alkylthio substituent to the parent alkane name.This book is licensed under a Creative Commons by-nc-sa 3.0 license. Similarly, the suffix "sulfide" is added to the alkyl groups' names listed in alphabetical order to derive the common names of sulfides. In contrast, the IUPAC names of thiols are obtained by adding the suffix "thiol" to the parent alkane name while retaining the letter "e" of the parent alkane. Generally, common names of thiols consist of the suffix "mercaptan," following the name of the parent alkyl group. However, the larger size of the sulfur atom deviates the C–S–C and C–S–H bond angles and the C–S and S–H bond lengths from the corresponding bond angle and bond length values of alcohols and ethers. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar to alcohols and ethers. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and -SH is the functional group. Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. The smaller alkyl group containing sulfur is named an alkylthio group and prefixed to the parent alkane's name. When deriving the IUPAC names of sulfides, the longest carbon chain is considered as the parent alkane. When present as a substituent, the sulfhydryl group is prefixed as "mercapto" before the parent chain's name.Ĭommon names of sulfides are assigned by adding the suffix "sulfide" to follow the names of alkyl groups listed alphabetically.
The parent chain is numbered from the end close to the –SH group, with the locants indicating the position of the sulfhydryl group and substituents as prefixes. The IUPAC names for thiols use the suffix "thiol" to follow the name of the parent hydrocarbon chain without dropping the letter "e" from the parent chain's name. Similarly, the S–H bond of thiols is longer than the O–H bond of alcohols.Ĭommon names of thiols are derived by adding the suffix "mercaptan" to the name of the alkyl group bonded to the –SH group. When comparing the bond lengths, the C–S bond of thiols and sulfides is longer than the C–O bond of corresponding alcohols and ethers. Like alcohols and ethers, thiols and sulfides also exhibit a bent geometry, with the C–S–H and C–S–C bond angles smaller than the corresponding C–O–H and C–O–C bond angles of alcohols and ethers. Sulfides, or thioethers, have the central sulfur atom flanked by two hydrocarbon groups on either side.Īccordingly, sulfides can be symmetrical, with two identical groups on both sides, or asymmetrical, with two different groups. Thus, thiols have the –SH functional group, also known as the sulfhydryl or the mercapto group, bonded to a hydrocarbon group. Thiols and sulfides are sulfur equivalents of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom replaces the oxygen atom of alcohols and ethers.
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